What can we do to help?
It is common for adolescents to feel insecure about their body as it changes. Problems with self-image, when not properly addressed, can lead to decreased self-esteem, depression, anxiety, and in some cases eating disorders. The predominant perception in many cultures that being thin is desirable, with opinions that other body shapes are are ugly or unacceptable.
Preventive measures for eating disorders (Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa) include changing these perceptions. For example:
- Encouraging the critical analysis of media presentations (TV shows, movies, and especially advertising);
- Addressing stereotypes about gender, ethnicity, body shape, etc.;
- Discussing how these biases affect the ways people relate to each other and their decisions about food consumption;
- Asking students for ideas on addressing body image issues in media, facilitating discussions, and reaching new consensuses;
- Working on these issues in small groups, encouraging discussions among students;
- Encouraging positive communication among students, for example, avoiding nicknames related to body shape;
- Noticing behaviors of students that may suggest problems: isolation, being overly underweight, avoidance of activities involving food, etc.;
- Encouraging a healthy relationship with food and promoting good eating habits. Discourage “emotional eating” (eating when anxious or depressed);
- Being open to adolescents and their families who are seeking guidance and support about body image and eating related difficulties. Encourage them to seek support from qualified professionals for nutritional and emotional guidance, whenever possible.
What are not helpful behaviors?
- Prejudiced opinions about body shapes;
- Using a student as an example for a class-wide discussion;
- Treating eating disorder as a choice and not as a mental disorder.